In the year 30 Hijri or 651 AD, only about 20 years later than the death of the Prophet, the Caliph Uthman ibn Affan RA sends delegation to China to introduce the Islamic State that has not been long standing. In a journey which took four years, the delegates turned out to Uthman had stopped in the archipelago. A few years later, in the year 674 AD, the Umayyad dynasty had established trading bases in the west coast of Sumatra. This is the first introduction to the Islamic population of Indonesia. Since then the sailors and Muslim merchants continued to arrive, century after century. They buy produce from the land is green nan while preaching.
Gradually the natives began to embrace Islam even though not massively. Aceh, the westernmost region of the archipelago, is the first completely accept the religion of Islam. Even in Acehlah first Islamic kingdom in Indonesia was established, namely Pasai. News from Marco Polo mentions that during his sojourn in Pasai in 692 AH / 1292 AD, has a lot of Arabs who spread Islam. Similarly, news of Ibn Battuthah, Muslim nomads from the Maghreb. Who, when stopped in Aceh in 746 AH / 1345 AD writes that in Aceh have been scattered Shafi. The oldest relic of Muslims who are found in Indonesia located in Gresik, East Java. Tomb complex form of Islam, which one of them is the tomb of a Muslim woman named Fatima bint Maimun. Numbers written on his tomb in 475 AH / 1082 AD, ie in the era of the Kingdom Singasari. It is estimated that these tombs rather than natives, but the tomb of Arab traders.
Up to the 8th century AH / AD 14, there has been no indigenous population pengislaman massive archipelago. Only in the 9th century H / 14 AD, the indigenous population to embrace Islam en masse. The historians argue that Islam entered the archipelago population on a large scale in the century was caused when the Muslims already have a meaningful political force. That is characterized by the establishment of several royal-style Islamic kingdom of Aceh Darussalam as, Malacca, Demak, Cirebon, and Ternate. The rulers of the kingdoms of this mixed-blood descendants of the kings of the indigenous pre-Islamic and Arab immigrants. The rapid Islamization in the 14th century and 15 M, among others, also caused by the decline of power and influence of the kingdoms of the Hindu / Buddhist in the archipelago such as the Majapahit, Srivijaya and Sundanese. Thomas Arnold in The Preaching of Islam says that the arrival of Islam is not as conquerors as well as the Portuguese and Spanish. Islam came to Southeast Asia by peaceful means, not by the sword, not to seize political power. Islam entered the archipelago in a way that really show it as rahmatan lil'alamin.
With conversion to Islam and the establishment of indigenous Nusantara Islamic governments in various regions of the archipelago, the trade with the Muslims from the center of the Islamic world are becoming increasingly tighter. Arabs who migrated to the archipelago are also more and more. The largest of which is derived from Hadramaut, Yemen. In Tarikh Hadramaut, migration is even said to be the largest in the history of the Hadramawt. But after the nations of Christian Europe came and secured the area with the greed-by areas in the archipelago, the Islamic world's relations with the center as if disconnected. Especially in the 17th and 18th centuries AD. The reason, apart from being occupied by the Muslim archipelago of resistance against colonialism, as well as various regulations created by the colonialists. Each time the colonists - mainly Dutch - subjecting the Islamic kingdom in the archipelago, they would thrust the agreement which forbade the kingdom is related trade with the outside world except through them. Then disconnect the Islamic Ummah with the Islamic Ummah archipelago of other nations who had established hundreds of years. The colonialist desire to alienate Muslims archipelago with its roots, is also seen from their policies that make blending between the indigenous Arabs.
Since the early arrival of Europeans in the late 15th century AD to the fertile islands of this prosperous, had been seen to dominate their greedy nature. Moreover, they found the fact that the islanders have embraced Islam, the religion of their enemies, so that the spirit of the Crusades was always carried around every time they beat an area. In the fight against Islam they cooperate with the indigenous kingdoms are still adhered to Hindu / Buddhist. One example, to decide the shipping lanes of the Muslims, then having seized Malacca in 1511, the Portuguese cooperation with the Kingdom of Sunda Pajajaran to build a base in Sunda Kelapa. But the purpose of this Portuguese failed miserably after the combined forces of Islam along the north coast of Java in hand to demolish them in 1527 AD Of this historic battle led by an Arab-blooded son of Aceh Gujarat, namely Al-Pasai Overdust Khan, better known by his title, Fathahillah. Before becoming an important person in the three Muslim kingdoms of Java, namely Demak, Cirebon and Banten, Fathahillah had studied in Mecca. Even to defend Mecca from the advancing Ottoman Turks.
The arrival of the colonialists on the one side has awakened the spirit of jihad of the Muslims archipelago, but on the other hand makes the deepening of belief in Islam is uneven. Only the pesantren (Islamic schools) are steeped in Islam, and even then are usually limited to the Shafi. While in the Muslim majority, there was mixing faith with pre-Islamic traditions. Prijajis close to the Dutch had even infected the European lifestyle. Conditions like this still happen at least until now. Apart from this, the scholars of the archipelago are the people who are adamantly opposed to the occupation. Although many of them come from the congregation, but instead among the congregations that often rose up against the invaders. And although in the end of each resistance was crushed with a sneaky tactics, but history has recorded millions of martyrs who died in the archipelago various battles against the Dutch. Since the resistance of Islamic kingdoms in the 16th and 17th centuries such as Malacca (Malaysia), Sulu (Philippines), Pasai, Banten, Sunda Kelapa, Makassar, Ternate, until the resistance of the scholars in the 18th century such as the War of Cirebon (Good raryin), the Java War (Diponegoro), Padri War (Imam Bonjol), and the Aceh War (Teuku Umar).
Gradually the natives began to embrace Islam even though not massively. Aceh, the westernmost region of the archipelago, is the first completely accept the religion of Islam. Even in Acehlah first Islamic kingdom in Indonesia was established, namely Pasai. News from Marco Polo mentions that during his sojourn in Pasai in 692 AH / 1292 AD, has a lot of Arabs who spread Islam. Similarly, news of Ibn Battuthah, Muslim nomads from the Maghreb. Who, when stopped in Aceh in 746 AH / 1345 AD writes that in Aceh have been scattered Shafi. The oldest relic of Muslims who are found in Indonesia located in Gresik, East Java. Tomb complex form of Islam, which one of them is the tomb of a Muslim woman named Fatima bint Maimun. Numbers written on his tomb in 475 AH / 1082 AD, ie in the era of the Kingdom Singasari. It is estimated that these tombs rather than natives, but the tomb of Arab traders.
Up to the 8th century AH / AD 14, there has been no indigenous population pengislaman massive archipelago. Only in the 9th century H / 14 AD, the indigenous population to embrace Islam en masse. The historians argue that Islam entered the archipelago population on a large scale in the century was caused when the Muslims already have a meaningful political force. That is characterized by the establishment of several royal-style Islamic kingdom of Aceh Darussalam as, Malacca, Demak, Cirebon, and Ternate. The rulers of the kingdoms of this mixed-blood descendants of the kings of the indigenous pre-Islamic and Arab immigrants. The rapid Islamization in the 14th century and 15 M, among others, also caused by the decline of power and influence of the kingdoms of the Hindu / Buddhist in the archipelago such as the Majapahit, Srivijaya and Sundanese. Thomas Arnold in The Preaching of Islam says that the arrival of Islam is not as conquerors as well as the Portuguese and Spanish. Islam came to Southeast Asia by peaceful means, not by the sword, not to seize political power. Islam entered the archipelago in a way that really show it as rahmatan lil'alamin.
With conversion to Islam and the establishment of indigenous Nusantara Islamic governments in various regions of the archipelago, the trade with the Muslims from the center of the Islamic world are becoming increasingly tighter. Arabs who migrated to the archipelago are also more and more. The largest of which is derived from Hadramaut, Yemen. In Tarikh Hadramaut, migration is even said to be the largest in the history of the Hadramawt. But after the nations of Christian Europe came and secured the area with the greed-by areas in the archipelago, the Islamic world's relations with the center as if disconnected. Especially in the 17th and 18th centuries AD. The reason, apart from being occupied by the Muslim archipelago of resistance against colonialism, as well as various regulations created by the colonialists. Each time the colonists - mainly Dutch - subjecting the Islamic kingdom in the archipelago, they would thrust the agreement which forbade the kingdom is related trade with the outside world except through them. Then disconnect the Islamic Ummah with the Islamic Ummah archipelago of other nations who had established hundreds of years. The colonialist desire to alienate Muslims archipelago with its roots, is also seen from their policies that make blending between the indigenous Arabs.
Since the early arrival of Europeans in the late 15th century AD to the fertile islands of this prosperous, had been seen to dominate their greedy nature. Moreover, they found the fact that the islanders have embraced Islam, the religion of their enemies, so that the spirit of the Crusades was always carried around every time they beat an area. In the fight against Islam they cooperate with the indigenous kingdoms are still adhered to Hindu / Buddhist. One example, to decide the shipping lanes of the Muslims, then having seized Malacca in 1511, the Portuguese cooperation with the Kingdom of Sunda Pajajaran to build a base in Sunda Kelapa. But the purpose of this Portuguese failed miserably after the combined forces of Islam along the north coast of Java in hand to demolish them in 1527 AD Of this historic battle led by an Arab-blooded son of Aceh Gujarat, namely Al-Pasai Overdust Khan, better known by his title, Fathahillah. Before becoming an important person in the three Muslim kingdoms of Java, namely Demak, Cirebon and Banten, Fathahillah had studied in Mecca. Even to defend Mecca from the advancing Ottoman Turks.
The arrival of the colonialists on the one side has awakened the spirit of jihad of the Muslims archipelago, but on the other hand makes the deepening of belief in Islam is uneven. Only the pesantren (Islamic schools) are steeped in Islam, and even then are usually limited to the Shafi. While in the Muslim majority, there was mixing faith with pre-Islamic traditions. Prijajis close to the Dutch had even infected the European lifestyle. Conditions like this still happen at least until now. Apart from this, the scholars of the archipelago are the people who are adamantly opposed to the occupation. Although many of them come from the congregation, but instead among the congregations that often rose up against the invaders. And although in the end of each resistance was crushed with a sneaky tactics, but history has recorded millions of martyrs who died in the archipelago various battles against the Dutch. Since the resistance of Islamic kingdoms in the 16th and 17th centuries such as Malacca (Malaysia), Sulu (Philippines), Pasai, Banten, Sunda Kelapa, Makassar, Ternate, until the resistance of the scholars in the 18th century such as the War of Cirebon (Good raryin), the Java War (Diponegoro), Padri War (Imam Bonjol), and the Aceh War (Teuku Umar).
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